Diverticulosis describes small pockets inside the colon wall that gradually develop over time. Constipation, low fiber or unhealthy diet, being overweight, and certain medications contribute to slowing down of the colon, which causes these pockets. Many people with diverticulosis get diverticulitis, irritated pockets which cause infection, pain, bleeding, or ruptured colon. Symptoms of diverticulitis can be mild and go away on their own, or can cause serious illness, which can result in need for hospitalization, IV antibiotics, or even surgery.
So do you have these pockets? Chances are, if you are over 45, then you are starting to develop them. 10% of people over 45, and 80% of people over 85 have diverticulosis. Most people find out if they get abdominal pain and have a CAT scan, or if they have a colonoscopy for colon cancer screening. How can you prevent diverticulosis? The best way to take care of your colon is through healthy living. You can prevent infection, pain, or bleeding by sticking to a high fiber diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains), taking a fiber supplement, such as Metamucil, exercising daily, and stay away from tobacco, and certain medications. If you develop diverticulitis, you will need to see your medical provider as soon as possible to come up with a short term and long term treatment plan.
Reference is Bailey, et al. American Family Physician, August 2022.